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Check out what Air Raid Shelters were like in World War 2.

How Did they help people survive the Blitz?

Why were the people of London not allowed to use the underground as a shelter, and how did they persuade the government to let them?
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THE LONDON UNDERGROUND (Page 3)
Disasters on the tube
 
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But not even the underground itself was completely safe from air raids or disasters.
On the 17th September 1940 Marble Arch Tube station suffered a direct hit. The walls were covered in white tiles that were turned into deadly flying weapons when the bomb blast forced them from the walls. Twenty people were killed in the tragedy.

 

12th October 1940 Trafalgar Square Station - 7 people were killed.

• 13th October 1940 Bounds Green - 19 people were killed and 20 seriously wounded when a bomb hit the station. 16 of the dead were Belgian refugees who had fled their country at the time of the Dunkirk invasion.

• 14th October 1940 - Camden Town tube station - 5 people were reported killed in a bombing raid.

 

• 14th October 1940 Balham Tube Station A bomb exploded above the station. The blast went through the road and into the tunnel causing extensive destruction, blowing up water mains and sewage pipes and causing flooding in the tunnel. Approximately 68 people were killed many more were injured.

• 5th January 1941 Turnpike Lane - 4 were injured and 1 person died

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• 11th January 1941 Bank Station. - A direct hit caused the road above the station to collapse on to those below. The blast wrecked the escalators and blew out the windows of two trains standing in the station. People were injured by collapsing ceiling and by flying glass from the trains.
56 were reported killed and a further 69 wounded.
There were other records of other casualties as a result of the same raid, with other locations hit including Liverpool Street Station (mainline), Bishopsgate, Bishopgate Street and New Street . Two fatalities are recorded at the Mansion House, adjacent to Bank Station.

• 11th January 1941 Green Park - 1 person injured and 1 person died.

• 16th January 1941 Lambeth North - 19 injured and 1 died from his injuries.

• 9th March 1941 Kings Cross - 1 died.

 
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March 8th 1943 Bethnal Green station -

The highest casualty rate for those killed on the Underground during the blitz was at Bethnel Green Station when fifteen hundred people were rushing down the stairs into the tube shelter on the night of a heavy bombing raid. Someone at the front stumbled but the crowd pushed on, falling one on top of each other.
A hundred and seventy three people were killed in the crush. The extent of the disasters and the number of people killed was not disclosed until after the war had ended.

 

1 in 6 Stay at home

Yet even with the governments determination that people should be protected from bombing raids with some kind of shelter, many people still preferred to shelter in their own homes without adequate cover.
In November 1940 the government took a Shelter Census of central London to see where people were sheltering.
• 4% were sheltering in the Underground system
• 9% in public shelters
• 27% in domestic shelters, such as Anderson or/and Morrison shelters.

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Yet a staggering 60% of Londoners still preferred to stay in their own homes, sheltering mostly underneath stairs, cupboards or wherever else they felt safe.

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